Commercial insurance · Singapore

Directors & Officers Liability Insurance

Protects the personal assets of company directors and officers against claims arising from decisions made in their corporate capacity. Often triggered by fundraising, IPO, VCC formation or family-office structuring.

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What D&O insurance protects

Directors and officers liability insurance protects the personal assets of company directors and officers against claims arising from decisions made in their corporate capacity. A Singapore D&O policy typically operates across three sides:

  • Side A — pays the individual director directly when the company cannot indemnify them (for example, due to insolvency, or because indemnification is prohibited by statute or constitution).
  • Side B — reimburses the company for indemnification it has provided to a director.
  • Side C — extends to securities claims against the company entity itself, relevant primarily for listed companies and pre-IPO structures.

Who buys D&O in Singapore

  • Listed companies — SGX-Mainboard and Catalist boards uniformly carry D&O.
  • VCC funds — fund directors and the VCC manager.
  • Startups with institutional investors — commonly required as a closing condition by VCs and PE funds.
  • Family-office boards — particularly under the 13O and 13U schemes administered by MAS.
  • Charities and IPCs — required by the Code of Governance for Charities and IPCs.
  • Pre-IPO companies — cover is usually placed 6 to 12 months before listing.

Typical claim scenarios

  • Shareholder claims for breach of fiduciary duty, oppression or minority prejudice.
  • Regulatory investigation costs — MAS, ACRA, IRAS, CAD.
  • Employment practices claims by senior employees (where bundled with EPL cover).
  • Securities claims following a listing or rights issue.
  • Creditor claims following insolvency (insolvent trading, fraudulent preference).
  • Cross-border claims arising from US-listed securities or US operations.

Premium drivers

The single biggest D&O premium driver in Singapore is US securities exposure. Beyond that:

  • Listed vs private status.
  • Industry sector — financial services, fintech, biotech and crypto attract higher rates.
  • Annual revenue and total assets.
  • Retention (deductible) level — higher retention reduces premium.
  • Limit structure — primary, excess and Side-A-only towers.
  • Claims history and prior notifications.

Verified policy facts

Facts extracted verbatim from each insurer's policy document. We show the source URL, SHA-256 fingerprint of the PDF we read, and the document type (policy wording / proposal form / brochure). Where a fact is left blank in the source — for example, schedule-level limits in a master wording — we mark it “blank in source” rather than infer.

AIG Singapore logo

AIG Singapore

AIG Asia Pacific Insurance Pte. Ltd.

Brochure✓ Verified
Product summary

AIG's Dragonshield™ - 2015 Corporate Liability Insurance is designed to assist Singapore listed companies by offering wide insurance coverage to directors and officers at board, board committee and management levels for the legal and regulatory exposures they face; offering access to and coverage for on-call public relations and legal professionals, enabling a company to respond quickly and effectively in the event of a high profile raid or investigation; assisting directors in meeting their training needs by providing a Corporate Training Package on topical regulatory issues during the policy period; offering a novel difference-in conditions coverage with a company's expiring D&O policy, assisting a company to transition with ease over to its new Dragonshield protection; and offering long-term security of cover with an option to renew at expiring terms in the event of no claims or other material events.

Territorial scope
worldwide (global liberalisation clause expands coverage to match what AIG insurers provide in foreign markets)
Cover trigger
claims-made
Statutory anchor
Insurance Act 1966

Limits

  • Aggregate:up to USD 25 million (subject to individual risk profile)
Sub-limits
  • Emergency pre-approved Defence Costs:up to 10% of Limit of Liabilities
Extensions (7)
  • Legal fees and expenses (including costs for Regulatory Crisis Events) of the Insured Persons for investigations into the affairs of the Company (no physical attendance to hearing is required).
  • Excess Limit for Policyholder Directors.
  • Bodily injury / property damage claim defence costs cover (including health & safety and manslaughter defence cost).
  • Asset and Liberty Defence Costs and day-to-day expenses (including bail bond and director disqualification).
  • Public Relations Expenses.
  • Extradition Costs Expenses.
  • Automatic cover for new subsidiaries.
Exclusions (5)
  • Fraud (applies to 'final adjudication' or 'formal written admission' only).
  • US Insured v Insured (carve back cover for Defence Costs).
  • Prior and Pending Litigation.
  • Professional Service exclusion with carve back cover for failure to supervise.
  • Employment Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA).
Defined terms (2)
Insured Persons
Includes past, present, and future directors, officers, employees, shadow directors, committee members, outside entity directors, spouses (including domestic partners), administrators and executors of Insured's estates.
Wrongful Acts
Defense costs, damages (including punitive and only exemplary damages, as well as pre and post judgment interest on a covered judgment or award), and settlements for "Wrongful Acts".
QBE Singapore logo

QBE Singapore

QBE Insurance (Singapore) Pte Ltd

Policy wording✓ Verified
Product summary

QBE Insurance (Malaysia) Berhad will provide indemnity in consideration of payment of the Premium, in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Policy, covering Directors' and Officers' Liability (paying on behalf of the Insured Person all Loss arising from any Claim for which the Insured Person does not receive an indemnity from the Company) and Company Reimbursement (paying on behalf of the Company all Loss arising from any Claim that the Company is legally liable to indemnify the Insured Person), designed for Small and Medium Enterprises.

Territorial scope
The cover this Policy provides shall extend to any Claim made anywhere in the world but shall not include: a) any Claim made in, or determined pursuant to the law of the United States of America or the Dominion of Canada or their territories or protectorates; or b) any Claim arising out of the enforcement of judgments, orders or awards obtained within, or determined pursuant to the law of, the United States of America or the Dominion of Canada or their territories or protectorates.
Cover trigger
claims-made
Extensions (6)
  • 2.1 Advance Payment of Defence Costs
  • 2.2 Blanket Subsidiary Cover
  • 2.3 Employment Practices Liability
  • 2.4 Libel and Slander
  • 2.5 Official Investigations and Enquiries
  • 2.6 Pollution
Exclusions (17)
  • B1. Prior or Pending Litigation
  • B2. Absolute Asbestos
  • B3. Actions by Substantial Shareholders
  • B4. Bankruptcy / Insolvency / Creditors
  • B5. Bodily Injury / Property Damage
  • B6. Breach of Contract
  • B7. Employee Benefit Trustees
  • B8. Insured vs. Insured
  • B9. Intellectual Property
  • B10. Nuclear Exclusion
  • B11. Product Liability and Efficacy
  • B12. Professional Services
  • B13. Securities Offering
  • B14. Terrorism
  • B15. Total Pollution
  • B16. Unscrupulous Behaviour
  • B17. War
Defined terms (19)
Claim
shall mean: a) any civil or administrative or regulatory proceeding received by any Insured Person or the Company alleging the commission by an Insured Person of a specified Wrongful Act; or b) any written or verbal communication received by any Insured Person or the Company alleging the commission by an Insured Person of a specified Wrongful Act; or c) any criminal proceeding commenced by summons or charge received by an Insured Person or the Company alleging the commission by an Insured Person of a specified Wrongful Act. PROVIDED ALWAYS THAT such Claim is: a) first made against the Insured during the Period of Insurance; and b) notified in writing to QBE as soon as practicable during the Period of Insurance; and c) alleging a Wrongful Act that occurred subsequent to the Retroactive Date.
Company
shall mean the Company stated in the Schedule and shall include any Subsidiary Company.
Defence Costs
shall mean all reasonable and necessary costs, charges, fees and expenses, including legal representation costs (other than salaries, commissions, expenses or other benefits of Insured Persons) which are incurred by an Insured Person: a) in the defence of any Claim; b) in the negotiation of any settlement of any Claim; c) in the attendance of a regulatory or other official investigation, examination or enquiry. Defence Costs also includes the costs of obtaining the opinion of a Senior Counsel appointed in accordance with the terms of this Policy.
Director or Officer
shall mean any natural person who is a director or officer of the Company.
Domestic Partner
shall mean any natural person qualifying as a domestic partner of, or being in a similar relationship to, an Insured Person under the provisions of any applicable law or under the provisions of any formal program established by the Company.
Employment Related Matter
shall mean any actual or alleged wrongful or unfair dismissal; defamation in relation to wrongful or unfair dismissal; sexual harassment; discrimination; erosion of status protected under applicable law; denial of natural justice; adverse change in the terms and conditions of a person's employment in retaliation for that person's exercise of his or her rights under law, or support of the rights of another; misleading representations or misleading advertising involving employment with the Company.
Insured Person
shall mean: a) any past, present or future Director or Officer or secretary of the Company or any natural person who by virtue of any applicable legislation or law is deemed to be a Director or Officer; b) in the event of the death, incompetence or bankruptcy of a Director or Officer, his estate, heirs, legal representatives or assigns, but only for Loss incurred by such Director or Officer in his capacity as a Director or Officer; c) the lawful spouse or Domestic Partner of any Director or Officer provided that the Claim is to enforce a judgment against that Director or Officer for Loss incurred in their capacity as such. d) any past, present or future employee.
Employee
For the purpose of this definition, 'employee' shall mean: a) an employee of the Company acting in a managerial or supervisory capacity; or b) an employee of the Company with regards to an Employment Related Matter, or c) an employee of the Company, in respect of any Claim or investigation in which such employee is named as a co-defendant or is required to attend such investigation with any Director or Officer.
Limit of Indemnity
shall mean QBE's aggregate liability for all Loss covered by this Policy, irrespective of the number of Insured Persons and/or Company entitled to indemnity and shall not exceed the amount stated in the Schedule.
Loss
shall mean the total amount an Insured Person and/or Company becomes legally liable to pay in respect of a Claim first made against them during the Period of Insurance. Loss shall include: a) damages, judgments and expenses; and b) multiple, exemplary or punitive damages where insurable by law (provide these are in addition to compensatory damages and not a form of tax, fine or similar penalty) awarded by a court or tribunal outside of the United States of America or the Dominion of Canada or their territories or possessions; and c) settlements compromising actual or anticipated legal proceedings made with QBE's prior written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) or in accordance with the allocation provisions; and d) Defence Costs incurred with QBE's prior written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) or in accordance with the allocation provisions of this Policy. Loss shall not include aggravated damages, or tax or fines or penalties imposed by law, including but not limited to, civil penalties, or any matter uninsurable by law.
Pollution
shall mean the discharge, dispersal, release or escape of any pollutants including any solid, liquid, gaseous or thermal irritant or contaminant including smoke, vapour, soot, fumes, acids, alkalis, chemicals, radioactive and/or nuclear material or waste materials (including but not limited to any materials to be recycled, reconditioned or reclaimed).
Retention
shall mean the retention amount stated in the Schedule.
Retroactive Date
shall mean the date stated in the Schedule.
Securities
shall include but are not limited to any bond, stock, note, debenture, share, rights, or warrants representing an equity or debt security of the Company.
Securities Offering
shall mean the offer for subscription or purchase of any of the Company's own Securities.
Significant Change
shall mean: a) any sale of the Company or its merger with or acquisition by another entity or group of entities such that the Company is not the surviving entity and/or any person or entity, or persons or entities acting in concert: (i) becoming entitled to control the composition of the board of directors; or (ii) controlling more than half the voting power; or (iii) holding more than half of the Company's issued share capital; b) the insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy or receivership of the Company; or c) any sale of more than seventy-five percent (75%) of the Company's total assets to another person or entity or persons or entities acting together.
Subsidiary Company
shall mean: a) any company in respect of which the Company (either directly or indirectly through one or more of its subsidiary companies): (i) controls the composition of the board of directors; or (ii) controls more than half the voting power at a general meeting of shareholders; or (iii) holds more than half of the issued share capital (regardless of class of share); b) any company as defined above (other than any company part of whose issued share capital is offered to the public or otherwise traded on a recognized exchange) which is acquired or created on or subsequent to the inception date of this Policy and of which the total assets at the date of acquisition or creation, does not exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of the total assets of the Company as reflected in the latest and consolidated audited financial statements of the Company; c) any other company that QBE has given prior written consent to for its inclusion as a subsidiary company under this Policy.
Terrorism
shall mean any act, including but not limited to the use of force or violence and/or threat thereof, of any person or group of persons, whether acting alone or on behalf of or in connection with any organisation or government which from its nature or context is done for, or in connection with, political, religious, ideological, ethnic or similar purposes or reasons, including the intention to influence any government and/or to put the public, or any section of the public, in fear.
Wrongful Act
shall mean any actual or alleged wrongful act or omission including any misleading statement, misstatement, misrepresentation, breach of trust, breach of duty or breach of warranty or authority committed by an Insured Person solely in his capacity as an Insured Person.